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10 December 2023

Radical Candor: From theory to practice with author Kim Scott

5Frameworks
15Insights

Frameworks in this episode

Insights & moments

The myth-busts, hot takes, explainers, and tools worth keeping.

Myth Buster· 1

Myth Buster1:06:30

You Don't Have to Choose Between Being a Jerk and Being Nice

Kim calls out the false dichotomy — reinforced by biographies like Isaacson's of Elon Musk — that leaders must be either a competent jerk or a nice incompetent. Radical candor is the third path that works better and doesn't hurt people. Leaning into genuine care, she argues, gets more out of people, not less.

  • The 'jerk-but-competent vs. nice-but-incompetent' choice is a myth
  • Isaacson's Musk biography falls into this trap
  • Caring deeply can make leaders even more successful, not less

there's this notion that we have to choose between being a total jerk but really competent or you know really nice but incompetent and those…

Kim Scott · 1:06:30

you do not have to choose between being successful and being a jerk you can be a successful kind person

Kim Scott · 1:16:30
#leadership#myths#radical-candor

Hot Take· 4

Hot Take15:30

Say 'Candor' Not 'Truth' — You Might Be Wrong

Kim argues that framing feedback as 'the truth' implies you have a pipeline to God and the other person knows nothing. She prefers 'candor,' which treats feedback as a dialogue rather than a monologue and leaves room for you to be wrong. Omniscience, she says, is not a requirement for radical candor.

  • Announcing you'll tell 'the truth' signals dominance and shuts down dialogue
  • Candor means 'here's how I understand it, and I'm curious how you see it'
  • You should go into feedback conversations humble and open to being wrong

if I March into a room and I say Lenny I'm GNA tell you the truth I'm kind of implying you know I've got a…

Kim Scott · 15:30
#feedback#communication#humility
Hot Take17:00

Give Feedback by Phone, Not Video or Slack

Kim recommends delivering feedback synchronously and, surprisingly, favors the phone over video. Citing research out of the University of Chicago, she says facial expressions and body language carry more noise than signal, so the phone forces you to listen to the actual words. Slack, she says, is a feedback disaster.

  • Feedback must be synchronous so you can gauge how it's landing
  • There's more noise than signal in facial expressions and body language
  • The phone may be one of our best communication innovations because it makes you listen to words
  • She once quit coaching someone who kept giving feedback over Slack

there's more noise than signal in facial expressions and Body Language

Kim Scott · 17:30

slack is just a a a feedback train wreck waiting to happen

Kim Scott · 18:00
#feedback#communication#remote-work
Hot Take1:01:00

Bridgewater's Feedback Culture Is 'Deep Dark Obnoxious Aggression'

Kim relays a firsthand anecdote about Bridgewater, where she was once recruited. A colleague described a meeting where a woman who made a mistake was piled on with personal attacks until she cried, and the recording was then emailed company-wide as a model of good feedback. Kim calls this deep, dark obnoxious aggression — the opposite of radical candor.

  • Bridgewater's criticism was personal, not about the work
  • A crying employee's meeting was recorded and shared company-wide as an example
  • Kim's analysis of Dalio's 'Principles' found only a few pages about caring for people

these are your personality attributes that make you a useless human being

Kim Scott · 1:02:30

that is like deep dark obnoxious aggression that is not radical cander that is horrible

Kim Scott · 1:03:00
#obnoxious-aggression#bridgewater#feedback-culture
Hot Take1:03:30

Why Steve Jobs Isn't Elon Musk or Ray Dalio

Pushing back on the idea that harsh leaders like Elon Musk and Ray Dalio prove candor without care works, Kim separates Steve Jobs from that group. Jobs could be aggressive but built such deep relationships that Tim Cook offered him half his liver — something she can only call love. Radical candor, she notes, is measured at the listener's ear, not the speaker's mouth.

  • Jobs built real, caring relationships with his direct reports
  • Tim Cook offered Jobs half his liver when he had cancer
  • Candor is measured by how it's received, not how it's delivered
  • Kim rates Musk and Dalio as making far more egregious mistakes than Jobs

he built such good relationships with his direct reports that when he got cancer Tim Cook offered to give him half his liver and I…

Kim Scott · 1:04:00

radical caner gets measured not at you know not at the speaker's mouth but at the listener's ear

Kim Scott · 1:04:30
#leadership#steve-jobs#elon-musk#care-personally

Story· 6

Story09:00

The Boss Who Told Kim She Sounded Stupid

Kim recounts giving an AdSense presentation to Google's founders and CEO in 2004, walking out feeling like a genius. Her boss walked her back to the office and, after Kim brushed off gentle hints, told her plainly that saying 'um' every third word made her sound stupid. Kim credits this as the kindest thing done for her career, because it finally got her to a speech coach.

  • Kim thought she was great at presentations after raising millions for two startups
  • The boss escalated her directness only after Kim kept brushing off the softer feedback
  • The bluntness worked because the boss knew Kim well enough that softer words wouldn't land
  • Kim realized she'd gone her whole career with no one telling her the obvious problem

when you say um every third word it makes you sound stupid

Kim Scott · 11:30

I'd been marching through my whole career with a giant hunk of spinach in between my teeth and nobody had had the common courtesy to…

Kim Scott · 12:00
#feedback#leadership#google#career
Story20:30

Bob: How Ruinous Empathy Cost Kim Her Best People

Kim tells the story of Bob, a charming, funny hire whose work was riddled with sloppy mistakes. For ten months she praised him instead of confronting the problem, partly to protect his feelings and partly to protect her own reputation. By the time she had to fire him, Bob asked why nobody had told him, and Kim realized her 'niceness' had hurt Bob and driven her top performers to the brink of quitting.

  • Kim softened feedback for ten months to avoid hurting a well-liked employee
  • Part of the silence was self-protective manipulative insincerity about her own reputation
  • The whole team suffered redoing Bob's late, sloppy work
  • Failing to give hard feedback risks losing your best performers, not just the weak one

why didn't anyone tell me I thought you all cared about me

Kim Scott · 25:00

by not telling Bob thinking I was being so nice I'm having to fire him as a result not so nice after all

Kim Scott · 25:30
#ruinous-empathy#management#feedback#firing
Story44:30

'I Wish You Weren't the Radical Candor Lady'

At breakfast, Kim's daughter told her she wished Kim weren't the radical candor lady. Kim's first instinct was guilt about working too much, but instead of reacting she asked a follow-up question. Her daughter clarified she wished Kim would mind her own business — a demonstration of listening to understand rather than jumping to conclusions.

  • Kim's instinct was to assume the criticism was about working too much
  • Asking a follow-up question revealed the real meaning
  • Listening with intent to understand beats reacting to your own assumptions

I wish you weren't the radical cander lady

Kim Scott · 45:00

I wish you were the lady who minded her own business

Kim Scott · 45:00
#feedback#listening#parenting
Story1:11:30

The Feedback That Made Kim Write 'Radical Respect'

After a talk, a Black woman CEO told Kim that rolling out radical candor was harder for her: whenever she offered even gentle criticism, people called her an angry Black woman. Kim realized she'd failed to notice the bias her colleague faced, failed to acknowledge her own experiences of bias, and had sometimes been a culprit herself — which prompted her next book, 'Radical Respect.'

  • Bias meant identical feedback landed the CEO in unfair 'angry Black woman' territory
  • Kim admitted she'd failed to be an upstander for her colleague
  • She'd also been in denial about bias she experienced and harm she caused
  • 'Radical Respect' is framed as the prequel to 'Radical Candor'

as soon as she would offer folks even the most gentle compassionate criticism they would call her an angry black woman

Kim Scott · 1:12:30
#bias#radical-respect#leadership#feedback
Story1:21:30

'It's Not Mean, It's Clear': The Origin of Radical Candor

Kim shares the origin story of radical candor. Walking her dog in Manhattan, a stranger who saw her nearly get the dog hit told her, with care, that she'd kill the dog if she didn't teach it to sit — then commanded 'sit,' and the dog sat. When Kim looked amazed, he said 'it's not mean, it's clear' and walked off, leaving her with words to live by.

  • A stranger established care first ('I can tell you love that dog')
  • He was directly clear ('you're going to kill that dog if you don't teach her to sit')
  • The phrase 'it's not mean, it's clear' became the seed of radical candor

you're going to kill that dog if you don't teach her to sit

Kim Scott · 1:22:00

it's not mean it's clear

Kim Scott · 1:22:00
#radical-candor#origin-story#clarity
Story1:22:30

The Moscow Diamond Factory That Taught Kim Management

Kim explains her unlikely first management job: starting a diamond-cutting factory in Moscow after studying Russian literature. She assumed paying in dollars during the ruble's collapse would make hiring easy, but the cutters wanted a picnic and a bottle of vodka first. She learned that what she could offer beyond money was to genuinely give a damn about them — the moment she realized management matters and depends on caring about people.

  • Kim studied Russian literature and knew nothing about management going in
  • The cutters didn't jump at dollars; they wanted to see if she'd care about them
  • They wanted a manager who'd get them out of Russia if things went sideways
  • The experience taught her that being good at management requires caring about people

what I could offer that the state could not offer them was to give a damn about them

Kim Scott · 1:24:00
#management#career#story#caring

Tool· 2

Tool35:00

'When They Win, You Win' for Career Conversations

When discussing how to run meaningful career conversations, Kim recommends the book 'When They Win, You Win' by Russ Laway, her former Google colleague and co-founder. She notes it dedicates roughly 100 pages to career conversations and includes tools to help managers.

  • Author is Russ Laway, Kim's co-founder at Radical Candor
  • Contains around 100 pages specifically on career conversations
  • Includes practical tools to help managers run those conversations

he has a 100 pages on Career conversations

Kim Scott · 35:00
#books#career-conversations#management
Tool1:17:00

Read More Novels to Build Compassion

Asked how to move up on the care-personally dimension, Kim's answer is to read more novels — the best way she knows to build compassion and learn to read emotional signals. She recommends Middlemarch, anything by Toni Morrison (especially The Bluest Eye and Song of Solomon), Virginia Woolf's Orlando, Robertson Davies' Deptford trilogy, and Alice Walker's The Color Purple.

  • Novels build compassion and help you read emotional signals
  • Recommends Middlemarch and Toni Morrison (The Bluest Eye, Song of Solomon)
  • Also Orlando by Virginia Woolf, Robertson Davies' Deptford trilogy, and The Color Purple

read more novels this is the best way I know of to build compassion for other people

Kim Scott · 1:17:00
#books#compassion#care-personally

Takeaway· 2

Takeaway43:30

Count to Six: There's No Emotional Novocain

Kim says no question, however well-crafted, spares the other person discomfort when giving feedback — there's no emotional Novocain. The simplest way to draw out an honest answer after asking is to close your mouth and count to six, because almost nobody can endure six full seconds of silence without filling it.

  • No magic wording removes the discomfort of giving or getting feedback
  • After asking, stay silent and count to six
  • Six seconds feels very long and usually prompts the person to say something

there's no such thing as emotional Novocain

Kim Scott · 43:30

simplest way to embrace the discomfort is to close your mouth and count to six

Kim Scott · 43:30
#feedback#communication#tactics
Takeaway47:00

Disagreement Doesn't Threaten Relationships — Silence Does

Kim reframes conflict: it isn't disagreement that endangers a relationship, it's unspoken disagreement. When you get feedback you disagree with, name the part you can agree with, then say you want to think about it and come back with a respectful explanation. Many of her best professional relationships began with a good, respectful disagreement.

  • Find the 5-10% you can agree with and voice it first
  • Say you'll think about the rest and then actually follow up
  • Unspoken disagreement, not disagreement itself, is what damages relationships

it's not disagreement that poses a risk to our relationships it's unspoken disagreement

Kim Scott · 47:30
#feedback#disagreement#relationships