LLenny's Podcast
← All frameworks
CommunicationMichael Margolis (UX Research Partner at Google Ventures)

Humble Inquiry Interview Mode

Interview to learn, not to sell — lower your status, smile, and weight past behavior over stated intent

Difficulty
Moderate
Time to result
~days to results
Steps
3
Confidence
90%

A disciplined interviewing mindset that separates learning from selling. The interviewer adopts a vulnerable, genuinely curious 'listener character', asks rather than tells, and gives the participant higher status. Structured as a two-part interview (discovery of past behavior, then prototype reactions), it deliberately weights what people have actually done over what they claim they'll do.

Origin

Margolis builds this on Edgar Schein's concept of 'Humble Inquiry — the gentle art of asking instead of telling'. Refined over thousands of interviews as GV's UX research partner. The behavior-over-prediction principle is classic user-research doctrine.

Core principles

  • 01Learning mode is fundamentally different from selling mode — you must be vulnerable and ask, not pitch
  • 02Give the interviewee higher status; present yourself as the novice who needs it explained
  • 03Past demonstrated behavior predicts future action far better than stated intent
  • 04Genuine curiosity — digging into what seems wrong or weird instead of dismissing it — is the core skill
  • 05Real demand shows as visible energy and excitement; if it isn't obvious, it's probably a 'no'

How to run it

  1. 1

    Switch into your listener character

    Before the interview, pause, take a breath, put on a smile and deliberately shift out of pitch/skeptic mode into extreme curiosity focused entirely on the person.

    Pro tip Smiling changes your voice even on audio-only; watch for the participant smiling back as the signal they're relaxed and talking.

    Watch out Founders used to constant pitching find vulnerability hard — build a distinct interviewer persona to make the switch.

  2. 2

    Run the discovery half on past experience

    Open with light rapport (weather, where they are), then explore how they've handled this problem before — what worked, what went sideways, what they value and avoid.

    Pro tip Build the conversational arc slowly to get them comfortable and talking; the stories give context that later explains their prototype reactions.

  3. 3

    React to prototypes, then discount predictions

    In the second half, gather reactions to the three prototypes, but weight them against the described past behavior — be skeptical of 'I'd totally use this' when it contradicts what they've actually done.

    Pro tip Keep asking questions and stay quiet; your job is to understand their worldview, not to explain your product.

    Watch out We're all terrible at predicting our own behavior — anchor on demonstrated behavior, not enthusiastic claims of intent.

In the wild

Learning to recognize what 'no' looks like

A founder going through repeated sprints came to distinguish genuine enthusiasm from neutral, polite, encouraging feedback that actually meant 'they don't want this'. Seeing it enough times in learning mode made the signal legible.

He could read fake-positive demand and killed a project rather than building on false signal.

The interviewer's family doesn't recognize his voice

Margolis describes putting on a listener character so different from his 'normal cynical skeptical personality' that his kids overhearing an interview asked 'who is that dude' because it didn't sound like Dad.

Illustrates that the learning-mode persona is a deliberate, practiced mode distinct from everyday self.

Common mistakes

Interviewing in selling mode

Pitching and telling instead of humble inquiry makes participants defer to you and suppresses honest signal; you learn what you want to hear, not the truth.

Believing enthusiastic predictions of future use

'I would totally do this' is unreliable, especially when it contradicts described past behavior — treating it as validation leads teams to build things people won't actually adopt.

Is it for you?

Best for

Founders and PMs running discovery interviews who default to pitching and need to extract honest demand signal

Not ideal for

Actual sales conversations or contexts where you must persuade rather than learn

From the transcript

humble inquiry is the gentle art of asking instead of telling

52:30

giving the person you're asking the higher status is a difficult thing to do as a Founder when you're selling

53:30

put more weight on past experiences than on people's predictions of what they would do

1:22:00

when you're doing that interview smile you have to start with the big smile even if you're on the phone

1:06:00

From the episode

Identify your bullseye customer in one day

Michael Margolis (UX Research Partner at Google Ventures)