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CommunicationWes Kao (coach, entrepreneur, advisor)

Signposting

Use structural cue-words to guide the reader through your writing without heavy formatting.

Difficulty
Easy
Time to result
~days to results
Steps
3
Confidence
92%

Signposting means using specific words, phrases, and structure that signal to your reader what's coming next, adding navigability to long memos and grabbing back attention that has strayed. It works verbally too, letting you flag the parts that matter most.

Origin

Taught by Wes Kao as 'power words for clarity,' analogous to copywriting power words.

Core principles

  • 01Cue-words let readers' eyes jump to the structure without relying on bold, italics, and underlines
  • 02The same technique works in writing and in verbal delivery like product demos
  • 03Signposting both adds structure and recaptures wandering attention

How to run it

  1. 1

    Open sentences with logical cue-words

    Kick off sentences or paragraphs with words that signal what's coming: 'for example' (an example follows), 'because' (rationale follows), 'as a next step,' and 'first, second, third.'

    Pro tip People's eyes automatically zoom to phrases like 'as a next step.'

  2. 2

    Signal importance verbally

    In spoken settings, flag the key part directly: 'the most important part to pay attention to is…' or 'the part we were most surprised by is…'

    Pro tip This is a great way to grab attention back if a listener or reader has strayed.

  3. 3

    Lean on cue-words instead of over-formatting

    Use signposting words to convey structure rather than relying on rich-text formatting.

In the wild

Cue-words in a long memo

In a long memo, opening paragraphs with 'for example,' 'because,' 'as a next step,' and 'first/second/third' guides the reader through where the argument is going without any bold or italics.

Structure and attention conveyed through words alone.

Common mistakes

Relying on formatting instead of structure words

Bolding and underlining try to compensate for structure that well-chosen cue-words could carry more cleanly.

Is it for you?

Best for

Anyone writing long memos, strategy docs, or delivering demos who wants readers to follow the logical flow.

Not ideal for

Very short messages where structure is already self-evident.

From the transcript

Signposting is using certain words, phrases, formatting, and an overall structure in your writing that helps guide your reader

27:30

some of my favorite signposting words are for example shows that you're about to show an example because shows that you're about to share your…

28:00

the most important part to pay attention to is blank

29:00

From the episode

Become a better communicator: Specific frameworks to improve your clarity, influence, and impact

Wes Kao (coach, entrepreneur, advisor)