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ProductivityRyan Singer (creator of “Shape Up,” early employee at 37sign

The Nine-Scopes Kickoff

At kickoff, have the builders translate the shaped idea into nine-or-fewer implementation chunks to test scope and build clarity.

Difficulty
Easy
Time to result
~days to results
Steps
3
Confidence
90%

When a mixed-seniority team kicks off a shaped project, have the builders draw a grid and fill in at most nine major implementation scopes needed over the time-box. Nine sits at the top of the 'seven plus or minus two' cognitive limit — if the whole build fits in nine boxes you can hold the castle in your head; if it takes more than ten it has collapsed into unmanageable ticket-land.

Origin

Ryan Singer's kickoff exercise for Shape Up teams that aren't all senior (Basecamp's own senior teams ran kickoff loosely). Explicitly grounded in Miller's 'seven plus or minus two' cognitive-science principle.

Core principles

  • 01The builders — not a product owner — define the scopes, because they understand the work
  • 02Nine or fewer keeps the whole build holdable in one's head; more than ten is ticket-land
  • 03The exercise surfaces hidden over-scope early ('this seemed reasonable but it's too much')
  • 04It creates natural coaching moments between junior and senior engineers

How to run it

  1. 1

    Draw a nine-box grid at kickoff

    Take whatever was shaped and ask the build team to fill a grid with the nine major chunks of implementation that must happen over the time-box.

    Pro tip For a six-week box that's ~30 business days, nine boxes is ~four days each — instant, rough sizing.

  2. 2

    Let the builders define the scopes

    The people doing the building translate the shaped idea into implementation scopes themselves, rather than receiving pre-written tickets from a product owner who doesn't understand the work.

    Watch out When a non-builder writes the tickets, they hide unknowns and time bombs that sound reasonable but weren't authored by someone who understands the work.

  3. 3

    Read the result as a scope-and-clarity signal

    If it fits in nine or fewer boxes, you have a shared, holdable picture. If it won't fit, that's an early warning the scope is too big or the shaping wasn't clear enough.

    Pro tip Watch for the coaching moment: a junior describing their approach in a box lets a senior say 'we've done that, use this instead.'

    Watch out More than ten boxes means you've fallen into a hundred-ticket list that tells you nothing about whether you can hold the whole build.

In the wild

Nine boxes revealing over-scope

Singer has teams draw nine boxes of major implementation scopes at kickoff. Sometimes, once a shaped project is broken into the nine boxes, the team realizes 'even though it seemed reasonable, I don't think we can do this all' — the scope is visibly too big.

The team catches over-scope on day one of the build instead of in week four, and can renegotiate before committing.

Common mistakes

Letting a product owner write the tickets

When the person splitting work into tasks isn't the builder, the tickets carry hidden unknowns and 'time bombs' — the 'paper shredder' that turns one coherent idea into a hundred loosely-glued pieces.

Producing more than ~ten scopes

Past ten boxes you're in ticket-land: a long list of tasks that no longer lets anyone hold the whole build in their head or judge whether it's the right size.

Is it for you?

Best for

Mixed-seniority build teams kicking off a shaped project who need a fast shared picture and a scope sanity-check.

Not ideal for

Teams stacked entirely with senior engineers who can self-organize the build loosely (as Basecamp did).

From the transcript

give me nine boxes of the nine major chunks that you think have to get implemented from an implementation standpoint

1:06:30

if you take six weeks that's like uh 30 business days you divide that by n it's like kind of like four days per box

1:06:30

the ux designers in your audience will know about this rule of seven plus or minus two

1:08:00

From the episode

A better way to plan, build, and ship products

Ryan Singer (creator of “Shape Up,” early employee at 37sign