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StrategyNaomi Gleit

Growth Accounting

Measure net growth as new minus churned plus resurrected to find your real lever.

Difficulty
Moderate
Time to result
~weeks to results
Steps
4
Confidence
95%

A daily net-growth equation that decomposes user growth into three flows: newly registered users, users who went stale, and users who resurrected. By separating these, you discover whether acquisition, retention, or resurrection is actually your biggest lever — Facebook's growth team found churn and resurrection lines dwarfed new users, which redirected their entire focus from acquisition to retention.

Origin

Attributed by Gleit to Danny Ferrante, who came up with the growth accounting framework on Facebook's early growth team.

Core principles

  • 01Growth is not one number — it decomposes into acquisition, churn, and resurrection
  • 02Define 'stale' with a concrete window (Facebook used no login for 30 days)
  • 03The biggest visible flow tells you where to invest, not intuition
  • 04Retention and resurrection often dwarf new-user acquisition once a product has traction

How to run it

  1. 1

    Count new registrations

    Track the number of new users who registered in the period.

  2. 2

    Subtract stale users

    Subtract users who went stale — define staleness concretely, e.g. no login within a 30-day period.

    Pro tip Pick an explicit staleness window so the metric is unambiguous.

  3. 3

    Add resurrected users

    Add users who came back after going stale (returned after the 30-day window).

  4. 4

    Compare the three lines

    Compare the magnitude of the new, stale, and resurrected lines. Whichever dominates is your biggest lever to move net growth.

    Pro tip If churn and resurrection lines are larger than new-user acquisition, shift your team from acquisition to engagement and retention.

    Watch out Don't assume acquisition is the answer — the data may point elsewhere.

In the wild

Facebook shifts from acquisition to retention

The early growth team started focused on acquisition, then applied growth accounting: new users registered minus users who went stale after 30 days plus users who resurrected. They found the churn and resurrection lines were much larger than the new-user line.

A lot of the team's focus shifted to engagement and retention, which they identified as the biggest lever to drive net growth.

Common mistakes

Optimizing acquisition by default

Teams instinctively pour effort into new-user acquisition, but growth accounting often reveals retention and resurrection are the larger flows and the better place to invest.

Is it for you?

Best for

Growth PMs and founders with product-market fit trying to identify whether acquisition, retention, or resurrection is their biggest growth lever

Not ideal for

Pre-product-market-fit products with too few users to produce meaningful cohort flows

From the transcript

We had a notion though of growth accounting which looks at how many what's our net growth every day and that would look at the…

so after a 30-day period that's how we Define it they no longer logged in and then plus the number of users that resurrected which…

27:00

what we found was the turn and Resurrection lines were actually much larger than the new user line which implied to us that retention and…

27:00

that was Danny fante who who really came up with the growth accounting framework

28:30

From the episode

Meta’s Head of Product (and 29th employee) on working with Mark Zuckerberg, early growth tactics, why PMs are like conductors, and more

Naomi Gleit