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LeadershipUpasna Gautam

Engineers as Discovery Partners, Not Resources

Embed the tech lead in discovery so engineers own the why, not just the what

Difficulty
Moderate
Time to result
~months to results
Steps
4
Confidence
90%

Rather than running discovery with product and design and handing engineering a spec, Gautam brings her tech lead into user testing sessions, design jams and stakeholder planning conversations. The tech lead becomes an expert on why the work matters, then propagates that understanding to the rest of engineering. The result is sharper technical feasibility calls and implementations defined with greater clarity and precision — and it took a couple of years to build.

Origin

An evolution of CNN Digital's core platform squad process under Upasna Gautam, developed over roughly two years.

Core principles

  • 01Think of your engineers as partners, not resources
  • 02Feasibility judgments are only as good as the engineer's grasp of the user's pain
  • 03The tech lead is the transmission mechanism — they teach the rest of the team
  • 04Front-loading engineering context makes the whole delivery process more efficient
  • 05This is a multi-year culture change, not a meeting-invite change

How to run it

  1. 1

    Invite the tech lead to every discovery surface

    Add the tech lead to user testing/working sessions, design jams, and editorial or stakeholder planning conversations — not just to the review at the end.

    Pro tip Bring them to the sessions where users complain, not just the ones where users are polite.

  2. 2

    Make them an expert on the why

    The goal is not attendance but comprehension: the tech lead should be able to state why this work is happening and what the team is working towards at the same depth as the PM.

    Pro tip Test the outcome by asking the tech lead to explain the user's pain point back to you unaided.

  3. 3

    Have them teach it down the team

    The tech lead passes the user understanding to the rest of engineering. The loop is: gather feedback from users, understand pain points, then share and teach it across the team.

    Pro tip Make this an explicit expectation of the tech lead role, not a hope.

    Watch out If the tech lead hoards the context, you have created a single point of failure rather than an informed team.

  4. 4

    Let feasibility calls come back sharper

    With the why internalized, engineers define the how with greater clarity and precision and can judge technical feasibility against real user need rather than a written requirement.

In the wild

CNN's core platform squad

Gautam embedded her tech lead into the product discovery process alongside her design lead — user testing sessions, design jams, editorial planning. He and the engineering team became experts on why the work was being done and what it was working towards.

Gautam calls it a game changer: engineers define the how with greater clarity and precision, and the tech lead cascaded the user knowledge across the rest of the engineering team.

Common mistakes

Treating engineering as a delivery resource

Handing engineers a finished spec strips them of the user context that makes feasibility trade-offs intelligent, and produces implementations that satisfy the ticket but not the need.

Expecting the shift to happen in a quarter

Gautam notes this evolution took a couple of years. Treating it as a process tweak rather than a culture change leads to abandoning it when the first quarter shows no measurable gain.

Is it for you?

Best for

PMs on complex platform or infrastructure teams where technical feasibility and user need are tightly coupled

Not ideal for

Agency or contract engineering setups where the engineers have no continuity with the users

From the transcript

I've made it a point to bring in my tech lead and Engineers along for this product Discovery Ride

22:00

user testing sessions and our design jams and our editorial conversation planning sessions and it's helped him and the rest of our Tech and engineering…

22:30

it's so important to think of your engineers as partners and not just resources and when they are embedded you know into the process right…

23:00

From the episode

An inside look at how CNN builds product

Upasna Gautam