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Guillermo Rauch (founder and CEO of Vercel, creators of v0 a13 April 2025

Everyone’s an engineer now: Inside v0’s mission to create a hundred million builders

6Frameworks
15Insights

Episode overview

Vercel founder and CEO Guillermo Rauch explains v0’s mission to expand software creation from professional developers to roughly 100 million potential builders. He argues that AI will automate many translation-like programming tasks while making knowledge of software fundamentals, precise language, iteration, and product judgment more valuable. Through live examples, he shows how v0 can turn prompts, screenshots, APIs, and existing community work into deployable full-stack products. The conversation closes on developing taste through exposure to real users and a future in which AI becomes an ordinary, inseparable part of software.

Key ideas

  • v0 aims to expand the population of people who can build and ship real software, with 100 million builders as a minimum estimate.
  • Designers, product managers, marketers, salespeople, and backend engineers can become more full-stack as AI removes functional boundaries between roles.
  • Many specialized coding tasks are translation tasks that models can automate, but understanding systems and technical vocabulary improves a builder’s ability to steer models.
  • Successful AI building depends on articulating intent, iterating freely, learning how to get unstuck, and using code-level escape hatches when necessary.
  • Taste is a learnable skill developed through exposure hours: trying excellent products, shipping work, observing users, and confronting real-world friction.
  • Vercel treats community-shared v0 projects as social product building, where users fork and improve working artifacts rather than starting from scratch.
  • AI products gain an advantage from continuous in-product feedback that can improve prompts, examples, retrieval, fine-tuning, and later model generations.
  • Rauch expects AI to become synonymous with software: teams will build software with AI while AI becomes an ordinary component of the resulting products.

Transcript available · source text is retained privately and is not published

Frameworks in this episode

People & resources mentioned

Attributed to the moment in the episode. Timestamps are approximate.

People · 5

  • Guillermo RauchMentionsHe's the CEO and co-founder of Verscell, which you guys worked with.

    Germo is the founder and CEO of Verscell

  • Ivan ZhaoMentionswhen notion needs to broadcast messages in real time to other collaborators they use a real-time engine that they built for socket io.

    I think you interviewed Ivan

  • Steve JobsMentionsSteve Jobs is just uh the bar he held for the company and for technical talent and for excellence was not uh wavering.

    Steve Jobs had this awesome speech

  • Isaac NewtonMentionsNewton he's like developed Newtonian physics and he developed like calculus and all these things

    Otherwise, you get into the Newton thing.

  • Lenny RachitskyMentionstoday we've got another very special compilation episode something I've been pulling on more and more with the podcast and the newsletter

    the creator is Lenny. You were a former Airbnb product lead.

Resources · 74

  • VercelMentionscompany · Guillermo Rauch

    Germo is the founder and CEO of Verscell

  • Lenny's NewsletterRecommendsnewsletter · Lenny Rachitsky

    Check it out at lennisnewsletter.com.

  • Lenny's NewsletterCoinednewsletter · Lenny Rachitsky

    if you become a yearly subscriber of my newsletter

  • Perplexity ProRecommendssoftware · Perplexity AI

    you get a year free of linear, notion, superhuman, perplexity pro, and granola

  • SuperhumanRecommendssoftware · Superhuman

    you get a year free of linear, notion, superhuman, perplexity pro, and granola

  • GranolaRecommendssoftware · Granola

    you get a year free of linear, notion, superhuman, perplexity pro, and granola

  • LinearRecommendssoftware · Linear

    you get a year free of linear, notion, superhuman, perplexity pro, and granola

  • ZanzibarCoinedsoftware · Google

    Zanzibar, which was originally designed for Google to power Google Docs and YouTube.

  • WarrantMentionssoftware · Warrant

    Work OS also recently acquired Warrant, the fine grain authorization service.

  • WorkOSRecommendscompany · WorkOS, Inc.

    you should consider work OS.

  • VantaRecommendssoftware · Christina Cacioppo

    Get $1,000 off Vanta when you go to vanta.com/lenny.

  • GitHubMentionssoftware · GitHub

    Vzero came in right below cursor and GitHub for people's most used AI building tools

  • CursorMentionssoftware · Anysphere

    Vzero came in right below cursor and GitHub for people's most used AI building tools

  • Super BowlMentionsevent

    If you watch the Super Bowl recently, three different companies were promoting digital products that were built and delivered on Verscell.

  • MetaCoinedcompany

    the React technology open sourced by Meta

  • MidjourneyUsessoftware · Midjourney, Inc.

    when you use Claude or Grock or Midjourney, you're using Nex.js

  • GrokMentionssoftware · xAI

    when you use Claude or Grock or Midjourney, you're using Nex.js

  • Next.jsUsessoftware · Guillermo Rauch / Vercel

    when you use Claude or Grock or Midjourney, you're using Nex.js

  • ReactCoinedsoftware · Meta

    It's an open- source framework based on the React technology open sourced by Meta

  • Next.jsCoinedsoftware · Guillermo Rauch / Vercel

    I've created a bunch of open source frameworks that are really popular. So NexJS is one

  • Socket.IOCoinedsoftware · Guillermo Rauch

    in a previous life I created another tool called socket io

  • NotionMentionssoftware · Notion Labs

    when notion needs to broadcast messages in real time to other collaborators

  • SlackMentionssoftware · Slack Technologies

    Slack has about a 100 million monthly active users.

  • ChatGPTMentionssoftware · OpenAI

    when Chad Gubt came out we noticed that it was very good at writing the code that our tools used

  • Tailwind CSSMentionssoftware

    Tailwind which is a CSS styling technology

  • ChatGPTUsessoftware · OpenAI

    We started out on OpenAI and we've always used a combination of models.

  • OpenAIUsescompany

    We started out on OpenAI and we've always used a combination of models.

  • AnthropicMentionscompany

    we predate anthropic

  • ClaudeUsessoftware · Anthropic

    So open AI Gemini claude

  • GeminiUsessoftware · Google

    So open AI Gemini claude

  • FigmaRecommendssoftware · Figma

    One of the things that I love about Figma is Figma files that I can go and grab a starting point

  • GitHubMentionssoftware · GitHub

    I see this as the next evolution of GitHub

  • VercelMentionscompany · Guillermo Rauch

    Our mission is to enable the world to build and ship the best products

  • ClaudeMentionssoftware · Anthropic

    I think when Claude came up with the name artifacts, I I found it phenomenal

  • Google TranslateMentionssoftware · Google

    the architecture for systems like Google translate

  • Web Standards ConsortiumMentionscompany

    It follows the accessibility guidelines that the web standards consortiums put out better than I did

  • San FranciscoMentionsplace

    We hosted a a design demo night at the Verscell HQ in San Francisco last night

  • Bloom HackathonMentionsevent

    It was called the Bloom Hackathon.

  • University of San FranciscoMentionsplace

    We just went to an awesome hackathon at uh University of San Francisco USF.

  • AWSMentionscompany · Amazon

    Verscell maybe as a metaphor is like AWS in easy mode for a lot of people.

  • RampMentionscompany · Eric Glyman and Karim Atiyeh

    one of our customers, Ramp, had a 43x increase in traffic

  • JavaScriptMentionssoftware · Brendan Eich

    JavaScript is in my mind has always been almost like the English of programming languages

  • JavaScriptRecommendssoftware · Brendan Eich

    if you do want to go deeper into programming, start learning there

  • SalesforceMentionscompany · Salesforce

    Do you expect Vzero and other tools to get to a place where you can build Salesforce.com

  • FlightRadarUseswebsite

    So, I open Flight Radar or whatever.

  • Aviation EdgeUsessoftware

    Integrated into a flight data API called Edge Aviation.

  • LeafletUsessoftware

    So, it used a a tool called Mapbox and a JavaScript library called Leaflet.

  • MapboxUsessoftware

    So, it used a a tool called Mapbox and a JavaScript library called Leaflet.

  • LinkedIn AdsRecommendsproduct · LinkedIn

    When you're ready to reach the right professionals, use LinkedIn ads.

  • FacebookCoinedcompany · Meta

    React was this UI component library that Facebook created

  • ReactMentionssoftware · Meta

    React was this UI component library that Facebook created

  • Luma AIUsescompany

    they use Vzero and Versel extensively to build their application, their websites

  • DeepSeekMentionscompany · DeepSeek

    it's been mostly inspired actually by the deepseek revolution

  • shadcn/uiUsessoftware · shadcn

    it's going to use chats and UI it's going to use tailwind CSS it's going to use react

  • Luma AIRecommendscompany

    I recommend them, by the way. Like, you should if you want to be a brand designer, take take them into consideration.

  • FortuneUsescompany · Fortune Media

    another uh Nex.js user as an example which is fortune.com.

  • SemaforMentionswebsite · Semafor

    another website that I love uh also built with Nex.js is semaphore.

  • SlackUsessoftware · Slack Technologies

    And that would go straight into Slack.

  • StripeMentionscompany · Patrick Collison and John Collison

    I drew inspiration from Stripe.

  • AI SDKCoinedsoftware · Vercel

    We've also open sourced the AI SDK which is the foundational plumbing of DZ.

  • Chatbot TemplateCoinedsoftware · Vercel

    this is the open- source chatt demo that we've built.

  • ChatPRDRecommendssoftware · Claire Vo

    There's an amazing product being built on Verscell called chatpd.com.

  • OpenEvidenceMentionssoftware

    There's also open evidence. It's like the Chad GBT for doctors.

  • getGC.aiUsessoftware

    our legal team loves this tool called getgc.ai.

  • HarveyMentionssoftware · Harvey AI

    can it just build you Harvey for example in real time?

  • Paris Fashion WeekMentionsevent

    every year like Paris fashion week has like a theme to it

  • GrokRecommendssoftware · xAI

    I captured a few things that Grock does that are just so smart

  • MidjourneyRecommendssoftware · Midjourney, Inc.

    I really love how MidJourney works on mobile web

  • CursorUsessoftware · Anysphere

    I've heard from devops and infrastructure engineers how much they use tools like cursor

  • RatatouilleRecommendsfilm · Pixar Animation Studios

    It's also part of the Ratatouille film, one of my favorite movies.

  • v0Recommendssoftware · Vercel

    go to vzero.dev to get started

  • Apple PodcastsRecommendssoftware · Apple Inc.

    you can subscribe to the show on Apple Podcasts, Spotify, or your favorite podcast app.

  • SpotifyRecommendssoftware · Spotify

    you can subscribe to the show on Apple Podcasts, Spotify, or your favorite podcast app.

  • Lenny's PodcastCoinedpodcast · Lenny Rachitsky

    You can find all past episodes or learn more about the show at lennispodcast.com.

Spot an error or want something removed? Request a correction or removal.

Insights & moments

The myth-busts, hot takes, explainers, and tools worth keeping.

Hot Take· 4

Hot Take20:30

Many Programming Specializations Are Just Translation Tasks

Rauch argues that many programming specializations, like converting a Figma design into styled CSS/Tailwind code, are fundamentally translation tasks. He points out the transformer architecture behind LLMs traces back to machine translation systems like Google Translate, which is why models cross the chasm so well. When he last regenerated his own website in v0 it took two prompts, versus 10-15 with a prior model.

  • Styling a design into layout/CSS code used to be a hired specialist role
  • The transformer architecture descends from generative translation systems like Google Translate
  • Regenerating his own site went from 10-15 prompts to 2 prompts across model generations
  • v0's output followed web accessibility standards better than Rauch's own hand-written code

a lot of the programming jobs to be done that used to be specializations that I think are going away in a way or the…

Guillermo Rauch · 21:00
#ai-coding#careers#translation#css
Hot Take32:00

The Engineers AI Won't Replace: Foundational Infrastructure Builders

Rauch frames LLMs as oracles that write software but are bounded by context windows and compute, so an agent can't write a cloud, framework, and compiler from scratch. The model orchestrates existing tools and infrastructure rather than rebuilding the universe. Engineers who build foundational infrastructure will therefore stay extremely empowered for years or decades.

  • LLMs are bounded by context windows and computational constraints
  • Models orchestrate existing infrastructure rather than writing compilers or clouds from scratch
  • Foundational infrastructure engineering is a durable skill for decades to come
  • The idea of ChatGPT building the next ChatGPT is, in Rauch's view, a long way off if ever

the engineers that learn foundational infrastructure are probably going to be extremely empowered still for years to come.

Guillermo Rauch · 33:00

In order to create an apple, you have to create the entire underlying universe.

Guillermo Rauch · 33:00
#ai#infrastructure#careers#engineering
Hot Take1:04:30

Why Rauch Believes Expert Vertical AI Tools Will Win

Rauch is convinced that specialized, expert AI tools are the future, giving examples like ChatPRD for PRDs, OpenEvidence for doctors, and getGC.ai for legal (whose CEO is herself a lawyer). Even though people could ask ChatGPT the same questions, a founder who obsesses over one vertical, keeps it up to date, and puts their reputation behind it will be hard to compete with. He argues humans will always want guardrails and a point of view, not an AI left entirely to its own devices.

  • Expert AI tools like ChatPRD, OpenEvidence, and getGC.ai target specific verticals
  • A founder obsessed with one problem beats a general model even when the model 'could' answer
  • Domain-expert founders lend direction, opinion, and reputation to the tool
  • Humans will still want guardrails; AI remains a copilot, not something running our lives

I'm absolutely convinced that expert AI tools are the future.

Guillermo Rauch · 1:05:00
#ai#startups#vertical-saas#product
Hot Take1:25:00

AI Will Become Synonymous With Software

Rauch predicts a future where AI simply becomes synonymous with software, so much so that we should stop talking about 'AI' as separate. At Vercel, everyone can ship: designers generate animations with video models, marketing builds interactive infrastructure demos in v0, and one designer's interactive explainer of Vercel's compute went viral. He frames Vercel as a software company that builds software and uses software to build software.

  • AI is becoming embedded everywhere and will be synonymous with software
  • Designers, marketing, and sales engineers at Vercel all ship using v0 and AI models
  • A designer's interactive infrastructure explainer outperformed any static diagram and went viral
  • Vercel's 'demo Fridays' ritual gives people permission to step outside their job and build

I just see a future where AI becomes synonymous with software.

Guillermo Rauch · 1:25:00

AI equals software now and we're a software company.

Guillermo Rauch · 1:25:30
#ai#future#culture#vercel

Explainer· 3

Explainer11:30

v0's Scale and Why Rauch Calls It the Next GitHub

Rauch shares that over 1.3 million users have interacted with v0, that it is now one of the largest customers of most cloud and GPU providers, and that the month-old v0 community feature already has 20,000 submissions. Users fork each other's apps (some with thousands of forks) and remix them, which Rauch frames as 'social product building' and the next evolution of GitHub.

  • Over 1.3 million users have interacted with v0
  • v0 is hitting the limits of GPU and LLM infrastructure worldwide
  • The v0 community had 20,000 submissions in under a month, with apps forked 1,200 to 6,000 times
  • Rauch sees it as 'social product building' where GitHub was 'social coding'

over 1.3 million users have interacted with Vzero so far.

Guillermo Rauch · 11:30

In many ways, I see this as the next evolution of GitHub.

Guillermo Rauch · 13:30
#v0#community#github#open-source
Explainer14:30

How v0 Inverts the Git Commit

Rauch describes a fundamental workflow inversion. An engineer normally does the work first, then writes a git commit summarizing their intent afterward. With v0 you start with the intent, in plain English, and the code is the output. The git commit becomes a side effect the tool can generate for you.

  • Traditionally engineers write the commit message after finishing the work to summarize intent
  • v0 flips this: you state intent first and code is the output
  • The git commit can be auto-generated as a side effect

D0 inverts that. The git commit is you go into the chat and say, "Please change the color of this button and when I click…

Guillermo Rauch · 15:00
#v0#workflow#git#ai-coding
Explainer1:08:00

Taste Is a Skill You Build Through Exposure Hours

Rauch rejects the idea that taste is innate. He treats it as a developable skill built through 'exposure hours,' one of Vercel's internal operating principles: quantify how much time you spend watching people use your product and others'. He stresses giving your product to real users and watching them struggle, because you tend to overrate how well your own product works.

  • Taste is a skill you develop, not something you're born with
  • Vercel treats 'increasing exposure hours' as an internal operating principle
  • Watch how people use your product and competitors' products to build the muscle
  • You overrate your own product; watching real users exposes you to the pain of reality

At Versel, we have one of our sort of internal operating principles as increasing exposure hours.

Guillermo Rauch · 1:08:30

I see it as a skill that you can develop

Guillermo Rauch · 1:09:00
#taste#design#product#vercel

Story· 2

Story08:30

Where the '100 Million Builders' Number Came From

Rauch explains how v0's target market was sized on the back of a napkin. There are maybe 5 million React developers and 20 million JavaScript developers, but he pegs the addressable pool of would-be product builders at 100 million by borrowing Slack's monthly active user count. The logic: those 100 million people already go into Slack every day to talk about the products they wish existed.

  • Roughly 5 million React developers and 20 million JavaScript developers exist today
  • Rauch estimates 100 million people have aspirations to build products
  • The number is anchored to Slack's ~100 million monthly active users
  • v0's mission is to expand the total addressable market of people who can ship real products

Slack has about a 100 million monthly active users. And what you do on Slack is you go in it and you talk to people.

Guillermo Rauch · 08:30
#v0#market-sizing#product-builders#vercel
Story39:00

Building a Better Flight Radar Mid-Flight for $20

Bored on a Tokyo to San Francisco flight with terrible internet, Rauch decided to build his own flight tracker in v0 because existing ones were bloated and full of ads. Working experience-first, he told v0 to render planes on a map, then to handle the performance problem of too many flights (it chose a canvas overlay rendering tens of thousands of planes), then to make it full-stack against a flight API. It took under two hours and cost his $20 monthly subscription.

  • Built during a flight with the worst possible internet connection
  • v0 chose Mapbox, Leaflet, and a canvas-based overlay without being told to
  • The result rendered tens of thousands of flights and handled earth-curvature math for dashed flight lines
  • Took under two hours; an engineer would have needed weeks and tens of thousands of dollars

that one probably took less than two hours with the worst internet.

Guillermo Rauch · 42:00

Because I'm the bottleneck, not the engineer.

Guillermo Rauch · 42:30
#v0#story#demo#productivity

Q&A· 1

Q&A24:30

What Rauch Is Teaching His Five Kids for an AI Future

Asked how far kids should go into software engineering, Rauch (a father of five) says he pushes math hard as the foundation of logical reasoning, and prizes eloquence and linguistic ability equally. He references the 'word cells vs shape rotators' meme, arguing both sides of the brain matter, and stresses presenting and putting yourself out there, taking his kids to hackathons to build that muscle.

  • Math is treated as a fundamental, non-negotiable skill
  • Eloquence and vocabulary let you steer models toward the right references (e.g. the word 'turbulence' for an animation)
  • He cites the 'word cells versus shape rotators' meme and values both
  • Presenting and building an audience matters as the marginal cost of making software drops

if you don't know math really well, you're out of my house. Just kidding.

Guillermo Rauch · 24:30

So developing eloquence and your linguistic ability I think is going to be very important.

Guillermo Rauch · 27:30
#education#careers#kids#skills

Takeaway· 5

Takeaway22:30

The Skill That Survives: Knowing How Things Work

Even as translation tasks are automated, Rauch says knowing how things work under the hood stays valuable because it lets you steer the model with precise vocabulary. Knowing the right tokens, like CSS, layout, box model, lets you influence the model to follow your intention. The tradeoff is you can go into each subject with less encyclopedic depth.

  • Knowing the symbolic systems (the right tokens) lets you direct the model precisely
  • You will need less deep, encyclopedic knowledge of each subject
  • Rauch's engineers who memorized every CSS property probably won't need that depth in the future
  • Freeing up that mental space lets you tackle more ambitious problems

the TLDDR would be knowing how things work, the symbolic systems, and that will mean that you have to probably go into each subject with…

Guillermo Rauch · 23:00
#ai-coding#skills#careers#prompting
Takeaway31:30

Why Rauch Says Learn JavaScript First

Rauch calls JavaScript the 'English of programming languages' because learning it lets you reach billions of devices. He notes it's no coincidence that ChatGPT, Claude, and Gemini all reach for JavaScript and React when building web apps. He cites Vercel customer Ramp, whose engineer only needed to learn Next.js before their Super Bowl ad drove a 43x traffic spike with 100% uptime.

  • JavaScript reaches billions of devices, making it the lingua franca of the web
  • Major LLMs default to JavaScript and React when generating web apps
  • Vercel is described as 'AWS in easy mode' for people who want scale without configuring the cloud
  • Ramp's engineer only needed Next.js; their Super Bowl ad drove a 43x traffic increase with no downtime

JavaScript is in my mind has always been almost like the English of programming languages. It's a language that if you learn it, you reach…

Guillermo Rauch · 31:30
#javascript#careers#vercel#nextjs
Takeaway46:30

Escape Hatches and Getting Unstuck With Another AI

Rauch praises React's 'escape hatch' design principle, where the framework hands control back to the developer when it can't model a problem (even an API literally named 'dangerously set inner HTML'). v0's escape hatch is that you can see and edit the generated code. He shares that a Luma Labs engineer, stuck after a hundred v0 iterations, copied the generated code into OpenAI's o1, which solved it, illustrating that you can now get unstuck by seeking help from other AIs.

  • React's 'escape hatch' hands control back to the developer when the framework can't model a problem
  • v0's escape hatch is full visibility into and editability of the generated code
  • A stuck Luma Labs engineer pasted v0's code into o1 to get unblocked
  • Facebook's principle 'don't get blocked, seek to get unblocked' now extends to seeking help from other AIs

one of these escape hatches is called dangerously set inner HTML.

Guillermo Rauch · 47:30

you can seek help from other AIs to get unstuck

Guillermo Rauch · 49:00
#v0#react#debugging#ai-coding
Takeaway1:01:30

Rauch's #1 Advice for Founders: Build Feedback Into the Product

Rauch's top advice to any startup founder is to create many opportunities for users to give feedback inside the product itself. Drawing inspiration from Stripe, early Vercel had a slick inline feedback button with four emoji that piped user sentiment straight into Slack. He argues AI products have such a tight feedback loop that it will be hard for non-AI products to compete.

  • Create lots of in-product opportunities for users to give feedback
  • Early Vercel copied Stripe's inline feedback form (four emoji) that fed straight into Slack
  • AI products generate a constant stream of thumbs-up/down feedback
  • That tight feedback loop improves the next model, prompt, fine-tune, and RAG iteration

create a lot of opportunities for people to give you feedback inside the product.

Guillermo Rauch · 1:01:30
#product#founders#feedback#startups
Takeaway1:20:30

Nine Nos for Every Yes: A Feature Is Like Adopting a Puppy

On product quality, Rauch says the best product builders say nine nos for every yes, because saying yes to a feature is like adopting a puppy: it grows into a demanding beast you have to care for. Great products are made of a thousand little details and are never truly done, so creative restraint is essential. He cites Midjourney's mobile web experience as proof that obsessive love and restraint produce great results.

  • The best product builders say nine nos for every yes
  • A new feature is like a puppy that grows into a demanding beast
  • Great products are a thousand little details and are never finished
  • Creative restraint plus dogfooding (as with Midjourney's mobile web) produces quality

the best product builders will say nine nos for every yes because when you say yes is like adopting a puppy.

Guillermo Rauch · 1:21:00

A feature is like adopting a puppy.

Guillermo Rauch · 1:21:00
#product#quality#focus#craft